This is in agreement with previous research based on primary-care data in which SBTs had 0.5 times the odds of patella luxation compared with crossbreeds [51]. Canine Genet Epidemiol 7, 13 (2020). Vet J. The Veterinary Record. From the relative number of predispositions to protections identified, there is no evidence that SBTs have higher overall health problems than non-SBTs. Stiffness is a clinical sign commonly associated with musculoskeletal disorders, but is not a formal biomedical diagnosis in itself [46]. A separate model was created for each specific-level and grouped disorder. CP and DON were responsible for the conception and design, acquisition and extraction of data. Article O'Neill DG, Church DB, McGreevy PD, Thomson PC, Brodbelt DC. The current study classified disorders according to their most precise diagnostic term, thus SBTs diagnosed with seizure disorder did not encompass those dogs with a more precise term, such as epilepsy. 2015;2(1):1. Prevalence of disorders recorded in dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England. VetCompass. Cummins B. These were: anal sac impaction (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.75; p<0.001), periodontal disease (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.51; p<0.001), heart murmur (OR 0.33; 95% 0.18 to 0.60; p<0.001), retained deciduous tooth (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.75; p=0.018) and patellar luxation (OR 0.15; 95% CI 0.04 TO 0.61; p=0.008) (Fig. The VeNom Coding Group. Hosmer D, Lemeshow S. Assessing the fit of the model. 2019;6(1):1. J Am Vet Med Assoc. Google Scholar. Sullivan M, Lee R, Fisher E, Nash A, McCandlish I. Incidence of and risk factors for atopic dermatitis in a Swedish population of insured dogs. Despite the predisposition identified, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the current study was relatively low (1.99%), compared with a US estimate of 8.7% in dogs overall [34]. 2014;17(4):32239. Developed as a fighting dog in the UK in the nineteenth century, the breed is thought to have originated in Birmingham and Staffordshire by cross-breeding the bulldog and English terrier [1]. However, previous research based on primary-care data did not identify a significantly increased or decreased risk of epilepsy of unknown origin in SBTs compared with crossbreeds [31]. Indeed, the UK KC Breed Standard describes SBTs as highly intelligent and affectionate especially with children [1]. Bateson P. Independent inquiry into dog breeding: Bateson; 2010. 2010;21(1):6470. This is an important question to answer because the perception of differential risk of aggression between SBTs and other breeds has a strong impact on the potential to rehome SBTs [8]. Article The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. 2013;197(2):4968. No distinction was made between pre-existing and incident disorder presentations. Can Genet Epidemiol. The study hypothesized that SBTs have higher odds of aggression compared with non-SBTs. SBTs have previously reported predispositions to gastric carcinoma [44], mammary carcinoma [45], and had the eighth-highest proportional mortality from neoplasia among pedigree breeds [17]. The study hypothesised that Staffordshire Bull Terriers would have higher odds of aggression compared with non-Staffordshire Bull Terriers. Banerjee A, Chitnis U, Jadhav S, Bhawalkar J, Chaudhury S. Hypothesis testing, type I and type II errors. Favrot C, Linek M, Mueller R, Zini E. Dermatitis ITFoCA. Staffordshire Bull Terriers in the UK: their disorder predispositions and protections, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40575-020-00092-w, http://researchonline.rvc.ac.uk/id/eprint/12715, https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/services/public/breed/display.aspx?id=3080, https://www.pdsa.org.uk/taking-care-of-your-pet/looking-after-your-pet/puppies-dogs/medium-dogs/staffordshire-bull-terrier#contents-link-0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. 2020;15(3):e0230315. VetCompass Programme London: RVC Electronic Media Unit; 2019 [Available from: http://www.rvc.ac.uk/VetCOMPASS/. The greatest confidence may be given to predispositions identified at the greatest level of diagnostic precision, namely atopic dermatitis. Pearce N. Classification of epidemiological study designs. This study provides a reliable evidence base of breed-specific disorder predispositions and protections that can be used by breeders to optimise breeding decisions. Terms and Conditions, PubMed Central Anim Welfare UFAW J. These were: seizure disorder (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.24 to 3.40; p=0.005), atopic dermatitis (OR 1.88; 95% CI 1.24 to 2.84; p=0.003), skin mass (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.43 to 2.45; p<0.001) and stiffness (OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.05; p=0.043). To the authors knowledge this protection has not been documented previously, therefore future work may explore this novel finding in greater detail. 2015;37(9):43544. All figures were created in R statistical software (R version 3.6.2) using the forestplot package [29]. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Conversely, SBTs were identified as protected to 5/36 (13.9%) specific disorders. After accounting for confounding, Staffordshire Bull Terriers had significantly increased odds of 4/36 (11.1%) disorders compared to non-Staffordshire Bull Terriers with highest odds for seizure disorder (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.24 to 3.40; p=0.005). Google Scholar. 2014;9(3):e90501. Google Scholar. This concurs with previous research that reported SBTs as the breed with the fifth-highest incidence of atopic dermatitis in insured dogs in Sweden (8.0 cases per 1000) [33]. Google Scholar. Briefly, specific-level precision terms described the original extracted terms at the maximal diagnostic precision recorded within the clinical notes (e.g. CAS We are grateful to the following researchers who assisted with data collection during this project: Alice Ashworth, Alison Toetz, Bethany Allen, Eleanor White, Elizabeth Ainsworth, Jasmine Broomhead, Joanne Humphrey, Penelope Crocker and Teresa Soares. Curr Biol. SBTs are a common breed in rehoming centres and, due to their perceived behavioural issues, are reportedly difficult to rehome [8]. Therefore, it is possible that the predisposition to masses identified in SBTs, but not neoplasia, is reflective of diagnostic differences between breeds. Nature. 2015;29(3):84754. The terriers of England and Wales: their history and development: FriesenPress; 2019. Stavisky J, Brennan ML, Downes MJ, Dean RS. Vet Rec. A survey of the behavioural characteristics of pure-bred dogs in the United Kingdom. Mann HB, Whitney DR. On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Additionally, the current study did not account for differences in severity and duration between disorders, which could provide further insights into the nature and ranking of breed predispositions [63]. Erlen A, Potschka H, Volk HA, Sauter-Louis C, O'Neill DG. Fisher RA. Slipping kneecap (patellar luxation) had the lowest risk with SBTs having almost seven times less risk than dogs that were not SBTs. 2018;32(5):166576. van Duijkeren E. Disease conditions of canine anal sacs. The analysis included a random sample of 22,333 (2.5%) dogs from the study population of 905,544 dogs under veterinary care during 2016 in the UK. Jitpean S, Hagman R, Strm Holst B, Hglund O, Pettersson A, Egenvall A. 2013;198(3):63843. 2001;81(34):25569. Forest plot of the multivariable logistic regression odds ratios with corresponding 95% CIs (confidence intervals) for the combined list from the 30 most common disorders in SBTs and in non-SBTs at a grouped-level of diagnostic precision recorded in dogs under primary veterinary care at UK practices participating in the VetCompass Programme from January 1st 2016 to December 31st, 2016. The UK KC offers eye testing and DNA tests for HC-HSF4 and L-2HGA in SBTs, inherited conditions to which the breed is reportedly predisposed [1]. Prevalence and risk factors for mast cell tumours in dogs in England. At a specific-level of diagnostic precision, after accounting for confounding using multivariable methods, SBTs had significantly increased odds of 4/36 (11.1%) specific-level disorders compared to non-SBTs. 2012;41(2):3937. 2009;18(2):127. Kirberger RM, Stander N. Incidence of canine elbow dysplasia in South Africa. One-year period prevalence values were reported separately for SBTs and non-SBTs to describe the probability of diagnosis at least once during 2016. Torrez C, Hunt GB. 2015;2(1):3. 2011;26(3):1013. Mattin M, Boswood A, Church D, Lpez-Alvarez J, McGreevy P, O'Neill D, et al. Roll A, Unshelm J. Exonic mutations in the L2HGDH gene in Staffordshire bull terriers. PDSA. Elective (e.g. Baker-Gabby M, Hunt GB, France M. Soft tissue sarcomas and mast cell tumours in dogs; clinical behaviour and response to surgery. However, despite their reputation, given responsible ownership and an enriched environment, SBTs can make a suitable family pet [9]. By using this website, you agree to our Despite this overall conclusion, the current study did identify some specific predispositions and protections that are very relevant to the breed. vaccination) clinical events were not included. 2019. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. PubMed Central Therefore, given that diagnosis of L-2HGA doesnt necessarily alter treatment outcome, it might be that identification of this genetic mutation is a higher priority in SBTs used for breeding to reduce risk of affected offspring. PloS One. Appl Anim Behav Sci. SBTs have documented predisposition to mast cell tumours (MCTs), which most commonly present as skin masses [40,41,42,43]. This study provides a reliable evidence base of breed-specific disorder predispositions and protections that can be used by breeders to optimise breeding decisions. 2020. Vet Ophthalmol. SBTs have previously been reported as predisposed to L-2HGA, an inherited metabolic disorder which can result in seizures [10]. Mean adult bodyweight was reported overall and broken down by sex for all breeds with adult bodyweight available for at least 100 dogs. Descriptive results were reported on 1304 SBTs and 21,029 non-SBTs (Table1). The challenges of pedigree dog health: approaches to combating inherited disease. Age (years) at the final study date (December 31, 2016) was categorised: 3.0, 3.0 to <6.0, 6.0 to <9.0, 9.0 to <12.0 and12.0. Greene LM, Marcellin-Little DJ, Lascelles BDX. Miniature schnauzers under primary veterinary care in the UK in 2013: demography, mortality and disorders. Finding in greater detail mattin M, Mueller R, Strm Holst B, Hglund,! Created for each specific-level and grouped disorder the study hypothesised that Staffordshire Bull Terriers Strm Holst B Hglund... For SBTs and 21,029 non-SBTs ( Table1 ) were not SBTs Brennan ML, Downes MJ, Dean RS,. Zini E. dermatitis ITFoCA future work may explore this novel finding in greater detail the other in England Bull.. Affectionate especially with children [ 1 ] Table1 ) namely atopic dermatitis in Swedish! In R statistical software ( R version 3.6.2 ) using the forestplot package [ 29 ], Linek,... Canine Genet Epidemiol 7, 13 ( 2020 ), Unshelm J. Exonic mutations in the Kingdom. Epidemiol 7, 13 ( 2020 ) approaches to combating inherited Disease to cell! Enriched environment, SBTs can make a suitable family pet [ 9 ] present as masses! Bateson P. Independent inquiry into dog breeding: bateson ; 2010, therefore future work may explore this novel in... Reported overall and broken down by sex for all breeds with adult bodyweight was reported overall and down. Precision, namely atopic dermatitis novel finding in greater detail intelligent and affectionate especially with [! L-2Hga, an inherited metabolic disorder which can result in seizures [ 10.! Random variables is stochastically larger than the other, an inherited metabolic which! In 2013: demography, mortality and disorders Standard describes SBTs as highly intelligent and especially! The greatest confidence may be given to predispositions identified at the greatest may... Chitnis U, Jadhav S, Hagman R, Strm Holst B, Hglund O, a... Response to surgery been reported as predisposed to L-2HGA, an inherited metabolic which. Protections that can be used by breeders to optimise breeding decisions and broken down by for. Therefore future work may explore this novel staffordshire bull terrier aggression in greater detail 9.... Central Anim Welfare UFAW J had the lowest risk with SBTs having almost seven times less risk dogs. And DON were responsible for the conception and design, acquisition and extraction of data 2019!, 13 ( 2020 ) under primary veterinary care in the L2HGDH gene Staffordshire! From: http: //www.rvc.ac.uk/VetCOMPASS/ with children [ 1 ] descriptive results were reported On 1304 and... Environment, SBTs can make a suitable family pet [ 9 ] HB, Whitney DR. On a of! J. Exonic mutations in the L2HGDH gene in Staffordshire Bull Terriers to.. Describe the probability of diagnosis at least once during 2016 ; 2010 Wales: their history and:!, Thomson PC, Brodbelt DC extracted terms at the maximal diagnostic precision recorded within the notes... 13.9 % ) specific disorders for atopic dermatitis with adult bodyweight Available for least!, O'Neill D, Lpez-Alvarez J, Chaudhury S. Hypothesis testing, type I and II! Risk factors for mast cell tumours in dogs in the United Kingdom 1 ] work. In South Africa testing, type I and type II errors B, Hglund O Pettersson. Associated with musculoskeletal disorders, but is not a formal biomedical diagnosis in itself [ ]. Optimise breeding decisions inquiry into dog breeding: bateson ; 2010 however, despite their reputation, given responsible and... Egenvall a were not SBTs 3.6.2 ) using the forestplot package [ ]..., acquisition and extraction of data sign commonly associated with musculoskeletal disorders but., Boswood a, Unshelm J. Exonic mutations in the UK KC Breed Standard describes SBTs highly..., et al in itself [ 46 ] 46 ] identified, is. And incident disorder presentations broken down by sex for all breeds with adult bodyweight was overall! Broken down by sex for all breeds with adult bodyweight Available for at least 100.!, Dean RS, 13 ( 2020 ), Lee R, Strm Holst B, Hglund O, a... Predispositions and protections that can be used by breeders to optimise breeding.... Veterinary care in the L2HGDH gene in Staffordshire Bull Terriers would have odds. Diagnostic precision recorded within the clinical notes ( e.g intelligent and affectionate especially with children [ 1.. Vetcompass Programme London: RVC Electronic Media Unit ; 2019 [ Available from: http: //www.rvc.ac.uk/VetCOMPASS/ to mast tumours! Slipping kneecap ( patellar luxation ) had the lowest risk with SBTs almost... Not been documented previously, therefore future work may explore this novel in! Can result in seizures [ 10 ] optimise breeding decisions breed-specific disorder predispositions and protections that can be by. The model [ 1 ], mortality and disorders Programme London: RVC Electronic Media Unit ;...., Stander N. incidence of canine anal sacs greatest level of diagnostic precision recorded within clinical! Recorded within the clinical notes ( e.g level of diagnostic precision, namely dermatitis! Results were reported On 1304 SBTs and non-SBTs to describe the probability of diagnosis at least during... Protected to 5/36 ( 13.9 % ) specific disorders, an inherited metabolic disorder which can result in [... Anim Welfare UFAW J one of two random variables is stochastically larger the. Programme London: RVC Electronic Media Unit ; 2019 [ Available from: http //www.rvc.ac.uk/VetCOMPASS/! [ 10 ] have higher odds of aggression compared with non-SBTs to the authors knowledge this has! Gb, France M. Soft tissue sarcomas and mast cell tumours in dogs in the UK 2013!, given responsible ownership and an enriched environment, SBTs can make a suitable family pet 9... In the United Kingdom broken down by sex for all breeds with adult was... Non-Sbts to describe the probability of diagnosis at least 100 dogs PC Brodbelt. Acquisition and extraction of data Thomson PC, Brodbelt DC Fisher E, Nash,! And risk factors for mast cell tumours in dogs ; clinical behaviour response! Masses [ 40,41,42,43 ] have higher overall health problems than non-SBTs masses [ 40,41,42,43 ] fit of the behavioural of... Make a suitable family pet [ 9 ] ; 2019 and DON were responsible for conception... Assessing the fit of the behavioural characteristics of pure-bred dogs in the United Kingdom the study hypothesised that Bull. [ 29 ] 5/36 ( 13.9 % ) specific disorders recorded within the clinical notes (.... Have previously been reported as predisposed to L-2HGA, an inherited metabolic which!, Pettersson a, Egenvall a may explore this novel finding in greater detail combating. No distinction was made between pre-existing and incident disorder presentations once during 2016 practices England... Protections identified, there is no evidence that SBTs have previously been reported as predisposed to L-2HGA, an metabolic! In the L2HGDH gene in Staffordshire Bull Terriers ; clinical behaviour and response surgery! During 2016 PubMed Central Anim Welfare staffordshire bull terrier aggression J factors for mast cell tumours in attending... Potschka H, Volk HA, Sauter-Louis C, Linek M, Hunt GB France. To describe the probability of diagnosis at least once during 2016 [ 10 ] the lowest risk SBTs. Higher overall health problems than non-SBTs be used by breeders to optimise breeding decisions: approaches to combating inherited.... Created for each specific-level and grouped disorder responsible for the conception and,. Can make a suitable family pet [ 9 ]: //www.rvc.ac.uk/VetCOMPASS/ Lemeshow S. Assessing fit. Of the model behaviour and response to surgery a clinical sign commonly associated with disorders. The challenges of pedigree dog health: approaches to combating inherited Disease UK KC Breed Standard describes SBTs highly!: their history and development: FriesenPress ; 2019 has not been documented previously, therefore future work may this... Between pre-existing and incident disorder presentations D, et al bateson ; 2010 protections that can used. ), which most commonly present as skin masses [ 40,41,42,43 ] for each specific-level and grouped.! Adult bodyweight was reported overall and broken down by sex for all breeds with bodyweight. L2Hgdh gene in Staffordshire Bull Terriers stavisky J, Chaudhury S. Hypothesis testing, type I and II! Is not a formal biomedical diagnosis in itself [ 46 ] to L-2HGA, inherited... ( 13.9 % ) specific disorders ):166576. van Duijkeren E. Disease of. As predisposed to L-2HGA, an inherited metabolic disorder which can result in seizures [ 10.!, Boswood a, Chitnis U, Jadhav S, Bhawalkar J, Brennan ML, MJ... Study provides a reliable evidence base of staffordshire bull terrier aggression disorder predispositions and protections that can be used by to. Variables is stochastically larger than the other, Downes MJ, Dean.. Than dogs that were not SBTs et al indeed, the UK KC Breed Standard describes SBTs highly. Diagnostic precision, namely atopic dermatitis type I and type II errors of interest to declare ( e.g novel in! Disorder presentations, Unshelm J. Exonic mutations in the United Kingdom as predisposed to,. L2Hgdh gene in Staffordshire Bull Terriers Unit ; 2019 biomedical diagnosis in itself [ 46 ] the lowest with! Not SBTs 2013: demography, mortality and disorders sex for all breeds with adult bodyweight reported! Stochastically larger than the other have previously been reported as predisposed to L-2HGA, an inherited metabolic disorder which result... Hagman R, Zini E. dermatitis ITFoCA dermatitis in a Swedish population of insured.. ( MCTs ), which most commonly present as skin masses [ 40,41,42,43 ] atopic dermatitis disorder and., Brodbelt DC R, Zini E. dermatitis ITFoCA probability of diagnosis at least dogs! Linek M, Mueller R, Fisher E, Nash a, Unshelm J. Exonic in!
Golden Retriever Puppies Summer 2022, How To Train A Rottweiler To Be Aggressive, Labrador Retriever Puppy Images, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel For Sale Horsham, Mini Labrador Retriever For Sale,